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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Russia and weapons of mass destruction ： ウィキペディア英語版 Russia and weapons of mass destruction According to the Federation of American Scientists, an organization that assesses nuclear weapon stockpiles, in 2013, Russia possessed an estimated 8,500 total nuclear warheads of which 1,800 were strategically operational. The organization also claims that the U.S. had an estimated total 7,700 nuclear warheads of which 1,950 were strategically operational. 〔(Federation of American Scientists :: Status of World Nuclear Forces )〕 According to Mark Schneider of the National Institute of Public Policy Russian strategic nuclear weapons now deployed number near 2500, considerably greater than the nominal treaty limits of 1550 under the New Start treaty. This is in large part due to the special bomber counting rules allowed by the treaty which counts each strategic nuclear bomber as one warhead irrespective of the number of warheads--gravity bombs and/or cruise missiles carried by the aircraft. Other sources however say that the U.S. has more nuclear warheads and the actual numbers remain a subject of estimations and ongoing constant discussion depending on their respective source. The figures are, by necessity, only estimates because "the exact number of nuclear weapons in each country's possession is a closely held national secret."〔(Federation of American Scientists :: Status of World Nuclear Forces )〕 In addition to nuclear weapons, Russia declared an arsenal of 39,967 tons of chemical weapons in 1997,〔 of which 57% have been destroyed.〔 The Soviet Union ratified the Geneva Protocol on April 5, 1928 with reservations. The reservations were later dropped on January 18, 2001. Russia is also party to the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention. The Soviet Union had a peak stockpile of 45,000 nuclear warheads in 1988.〔Robert S. Norris and Hans M. Kristensen, "(Global nuclear stockpiles, 1945-2006 )," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 62, no. 4 (July/August 2006), 64-66.〕 It is estimated that from 1949 to 1991 the Soviet Union produced approximately 55,000 nuclear warheads.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists )〕 ==Nuclear weapons== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russia and weapons of mass destruction」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.